Monitoring baseline suspended sediment in forested basins: the effects of sampling on suspended sediment rating curves

نویسندگان

  • ROBERT B. THOMAS
  • Robert B. Thomas
چکیده

Rating curves are widely used for directly assessing changes in the suspended sediment delivery process and indirectly for estimating total yields. Four sampling methods were simulated over a 31-day record of suspended sediment from the North Fork of the Mad River near Korbel, California. The position and size of the four groups of plotted slope/intercept pairs indicated differences in bias and variance among the methods. Estimates of total yield for the 31-day period and for storms of three sizes were also biased according to sampling method. A standard bias-correcting technique improved yield estimates, but did not remove sampling bias uniformly. Methods of data collection have a large and systematic effect on the estimation of rating-curve parameters and on estimates of suspended sediment yield. Differences attributed to land management may, in fact, result from changes in sampling methods. La surveillance des charges solides en suspension dans les bassins forestiers avant traitement: les effets de l'échantillonnage sur les courbes d'étalonnage des sédiments en suspension Résumé Les courbes d'étalonnage sont largement utilisées, directement, pour mettre en évidence les changements dans le processus d'écoulement des charges solides en suspension, et aussi indirectment, pour estimer les débits totaux. Quatre méthodes d'échantillonnage ont été simulées, sur un relevé de 31 jours, des sédiments en suspension provenant de la branche nord du Mad River, prés de Korbel, en Californie. La position et la taille des quatre groupes de couples pente/segment de droite, en représentation graphique, ont révélé des différences de déviation systématique et de variance parmi les méthodes. Le calcul des débits totaux pour la période de 31 jours et pour des averses de hauteurs variées était biaisé, lui aussi, selon la méthode d'échantillonnage. Une technique standard pour la correction de la déviation systématique a mieux * Paper presented at the Workshop on Estimation of Natural Baseline Conditions as a Basis for Detecting Chaînes in Water Quality (HW8), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, August 1987. Open for discussion until 1 April 1989 499 Robert B. Thomas 500 précisé l'estimation des débits, mais elle n'a pas uniformément éliminé la déviation de l'échantillonnage. Il se trouve que les méthodes de collecte des données ont un effet à la fois grand et systématique sur l'estimation des paramétres des courbes d'étalonnage, ainsi que sur celle des débits des charges solides en suspension. Les différences attribuées à l'aménagement des terres pourraient, en effet, découler des changements dans les méthodes d'échantillonnage.

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تاریخ انتشار 2001